The aim of the CIRCLE project Metropolises of Europe was to map the rapidly changing landscape of cultural diversity in Europe’s cities and to demonstrate how contemporary migratory flows and Diasporas are generating challenging new variants and mixes of cultural difference in European cities. Reports from Barcelona, Budapest, Rome Tallinn and Warsaw are presented in the first part of the book with key information on the changing "culturescape" of these cities, how cultural diversity is expressed throughout their public and private institutions and on recent debates and policy actions. Additional articles from Berlin, Helsinki, Moscow, and Zagreb are published in the second half of the book. The editors and authors argue that while many issues of cultural diversity can be "posed at the nation-state level, they are lived out most acutely in our metropolitan cities, which have become veritable ‘laboratories’ for new multi- and inter-cultural processes; it is here that the challenges are the greatest to policy-makers, individuals and communities alike".